Comparative Evaluation of Combustion Mechanisms (GRI 3.0 and DRM19) in MILD Combustor

Zamani, Mohamad-Amin; Saeedi, Mohammad Hasan

doi:10.30506/jmee.2024.2014713.1327

Comparative Evaluation of Combustion Mechanisms (GRI 3.0 and DRM19) in MILD Combustor

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Mohamad-Amin Zamani ¹

Mohammad Hasan Saeedi ²

¹ PhD Student, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

² Professor, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

10.30506/jmee.2024.2014713.1327

Abstract

One of the newest combustion technologies is the MILD combustion process, which is based on preheating fuel and air and diluting the oxygen content of the air to produce a proper mixing of the reactants. In the present study, MILD combustion of methane is simulated in a lab-scale combustor and its results will be compared in two modes of combustion mechanisms, namely DRM19 (as reduced mechanism) and GRI 3.0 (as complete mechanism). The results show that both mechanisms have uniform temperature distribution, diluting of oxygen reaches to below 5% and the amount of NOX and CO pollutants is reduced to below 10ppm. However, based on the solution procedure, the DRM19 mechanism has higher accuracy and convergence speed compared to GRI 3.0.

Keywords

MILD combustion

Fossil fuel

Gaseous pollutants

Combustion mechanism

Subjects

Combustion and air pollution

- L. N. Stephen, "Center for Strategic and International Studies," Presented at the in International Energy Outlook 2021 (IEO2021), U.S. Energy Information Administration, October 6, Washington, DC 2021, https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=fa&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=++International+.
- A. Wünning, and J.G. Wünning, "Flameless Oxidation to Reduce Thermal Noformation," Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 81-94, 1997, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0360-1285(97)00006-3.
- Mi, P. Li, F. Wang, K.-P. Cheong, and G. Wang, "Review on MILD Combustion of Gaseous Fuel: Its Definition, Ignition, Evolution, and Emissions," Energy & Fuels, Vol. 35, No. 9, pp. 7572-7607, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c00511.
- Effuggi, D. Gelosa, and R. Rota, "Mild Combustion in a Laboratory-scale Apparatus," 04 CONTRIBUTO IN ATTI DI CONVEGNO:04. 1 Contributo in Atti di Convegno, pp, 9-12, 2002, https://hdl.handle.net/11311/567532.
- Weber, A. K. Gupta, and S. Mochida, "High Temperature Air Combustion (HiTAC): How it All Started for Applications in Industrial Furnaces and Future Prospects," Applied Energy, Vol. 278, p. 115551, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.115551.
- K. S. Jeon, "Multi-environment Probability Density Function Modeling for Turbulent CH4 Flames under Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution Combustion Conditions with Recirculated Fue Gases," Energy & Fuels, Vol. 31, No. 8, pp. 8685-8697, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01060.
- P. Cheong, G. Wang, J. Si, and J. Mi, "Nonpremixed MILD Combustion in a Laboratory-scale Cylindrical Furnace: Occurrence and Identification," Energy, Vol. 216, pp. 119-295, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.119295.
- Li, S. Tomasch, Z. X. Chen, A. Parente, I. S. Ertesvåg, and N. Swaminathan, "Study of MILD Combustion using LES and Advanced Analysis Tools," Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol. 38, No. 4, pp. 5423-5432, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.298.
- Cao, C. Zou, Q. Han, Y. Liu, D. Wu, C. Zheng, "Numerical and Experimental Studies of NO Formation Mechanisms under Methane Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution (MILD) Combustion without Heated Air," Energy & Fuels, Vol. 29, No. 3, pp. 1987-1996, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1021/ef501943v.
- Poinsot, and D. Veynante, “Theoretical and Numerical Combustion,” Second Edition, RT Edwards, Inc., Philadelphia, USA, CNRS, ISBN: 1-930217-10-2, [Online], 2011, https://books.google.com/books?hl=fa&lr=&id=cqFDkeVABYoC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=T.+P.+a.+D.+Veynante,+Theoretical+and+Numerical+Combustion.+CNRS+%5BOnline%5D&ots=LgmWPUHWiD&sig=G4_9DUr7qF13SIdvXkkcHcwuvE#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- R. Turns, “An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications,” 2nd Edition ed., William C Brown Pub: McGraw-Hill Series in Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 287, pp. 569, New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2006, https://archive.org/details/introductiontoco0000turn.
- Khabbazian, J. Aminian, and R. H. Khoshkhoo, "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of MILD Combustion in a Pilot-scale Water Heater," Energy, Vol. 239, p. 121888, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121888.
- Xu, S. Xu, Y. Tu, P. Huang, C. Luan, Z. Wang, B. Shi, H. Liu, and Z. Liu, "Effects of Wall Temperature on Methane MILD Combustion and Heat Transfer Behaviors with Non-preheated Air," Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 174, p. 115282, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115282.
- He, Y. Yu, Y. Kuang, and C. Wang "Analysis of EDC Constants for Predictions of Methane MILD Combustion," Fuel, Vol. 324, p. 124542, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124542.
- Fluent A.N., “Ansys Fluent Theory Guide”, 15317, pp. 724-746, Nov. 2011, Ansys Inc., USA, [Online] Available: http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:ANSYS+FLUENT+Theory+Guide#0.
- He, Y. Yu, Y. Kuang, and C. Wang, "Analysis of EDC Constants for Predictions of Methane MILD Combustion," Fuel, Vol. 324, pp. 124542, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124542.
- Thiemann, E. Scheibler, and K.W. Wiegand, “Nitric acid, Nitrous acid, and Nitrogen oxides”, Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co., 2000, https://doi.org/10.1002/14356007.a17_293.
- S. J. Blauvens, and J. Peters, “In 16th Symposium (Int’l.) on Combustion,” The Combustion Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Mass., August 15-20, Proceedings, Cambridge, MA, 1976,https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=fa&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=B.+S.+J.+Blauvens%2C+and+J.+Peters%2C+in+In+16th+Symp.%28Int%E2%80%99l.%29+on+Combustion%2C+1977%3A+The++Combustion+Institute.+&btnG=.
- L. Flower, R. K. Hanson, and C. H. Kruger, “In 15th Symp. (Int’l.) on Combustion,” Vol. 823, pp. 160, The Combustion Institute, 1975, https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=fa&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=R.+K.+H.+W.+L.+Flower%2C+and+C.+H.+Kruger%2C+in+In+15th+Symp.+%28Int%E2%80%99l.%29+on+Combustion%2C+1979%2C+vol.++823%3A+The+Combustion+Institute.&btnG=.
- P. Monat, R. K. Hanson, and C. H. Kruger, “In 17th Symp. (Int’l.) on Combustion,” 1979, pp. 543, The Combustion Institute, https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=fa&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=R.+K.+H.+J.+P.+Monat%2C+and+C.+H.+Kruger%2C+in+In+17th+Symp.+%28Int%E2%80%99l.%29+on+Combustion%2C+1979%2C+vol.++543%3A+The+Combustion+Institute.&btnG=.
- L. Baulch, M. Bowers, D. G. Malcolm, and R. T. Tuckerman, "Evaluated Kinetic Data for High‐temperature Reactions”, Vol. 5, Part 1, Homogeneous Gas Phase Reactions of the Hydroxyl Radical with Alkanes," Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, Vol. 15, No. 2, pp. 465-592, 1986, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.555774.
- K. Hanson, and S. Salimian, "Survey of Rate Constants in the N/H/O System," In Combustion Chemistry: Springer, New York: Springer New York, NY, pp. 361-421, 2018, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-0186-8_6.
- J. Foster, C. W. Wilson, M. Pourkashanian, and A. Williams, "3D Modelling of NOx Emissions from an Aircraft Afterburner", American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition, Vol. 78590, pp. V002T02A060, June 7–10, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, 1999.
- C. Drake, S. M. Correa, R. W. Pitz, W. Shyy, and C. P. Fenimore, "Superequilibrium and Thermal Nitric oxide Formation in Turbulent Diffusion Flames," Combustion and Flame, Vol. 69, No. 3, pp. 347–365, 1987, https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(87)90126-X.
- Westenberg, "Kinetics of NO and CO in Lean, Premixed Hydrocarbon-air Flames," Combustion Science and Technology, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 59-64, 1971, https://doi.org/10.1080/00102207108952472.
- Warnatz, "NOx Formation in High Temperature Processes," University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany, 2001, https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=fa&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=J.+Warnatz%2C+%22NOx+Formation+in+HighTemperature+Processes.%22+Germany%3A+University+of++Stuttgart&btnG=.

Iranian Journal of Mechanical Engineering Transactions of the ISME

Volume 26, Issue 1 - Serial Number 44
March 2025
Pages 66-83

XML

PDF 1.37 M

Article View 405
PDF Download 130

Iranian Journal of Mechanical Engineering Transactions of the ISME

Comparative Evaluation of Combustion Mechanisms (GRI 3.0 and DRM19) in MILD Combustor

Volume 26, Issue 1 - Serial Number 44March 2025Pages 66-83

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics

Volume 26, Issue 1 - Serial Number 44
March 2025
Pages 66-83